Limonene

Science & Benefits

Limonene is a colorless liquid hydrocarbon classified as a cyclic terpene, primarily found in the oil of citrus fruit peels. While it offers a pleasant scent and can act as a penetration enhancer for other actives, it poses a high risk of 'irritant-induced' breakouts. When exposed to air, Limonene oxidizes into hydroperoxides, which are potent skin sensitizers. These oxidation products can trigger contact dermatitis and follicular inflammation, especially in individuals with a compromised skin barrier. For acne-prone skin, this inflammatory response can narrow the pore opening, trapping sebum and leading to physical congestion despite its non-clogging chemical nature.